For the process of multilayer cropping,
cropping combinations are done in such a way that main crops and intercrops grow comfortably without having adverse effect on each other, on the contrary, helping each other to achieve better growing conditions. There are two types of competitions amongst plants: one for sunlight and second for absorbing water and nutrients.

For competition in soil, you have to study the root growth habit of each crop and their active feeding root zone. We studied and tried lots of combinations. Crops like Coconut and Arecanut have shallow root zones and it allows the root space for other crops like Spices, Tubers and Corms. Creepers like Black Pepper, Beetle Leaves and Vanilla can be grown with the support of any plant, whereas Corms like Elephant Foot Yam is grown underground.

For studying the competition for light, we have to consider height and canopy spread of the plant. Crops like Pineapple and Colocasia have height less than 2 ft which allows us to do other cultural operations in orchards/ plantation.  Seasonal crops like leguminous vegetable help in improving the soil quality and also add nitrogen fixing agent in the soil. Flower crops like Marigold help in controlling nematodes.
Ultimately, prime importance must be given to the main crop. Also, consider the space required for intercultural operations, harvesting and cleaning of the plot.
Benefits of multilayer cropping

1. Maximum utilisation of natural resources like water, soil and light
2. Addition of soil  fertility and minimisation of weed problem
3. Increasing yield per unit area
4. Minimising water loss
5. Maximum utilization of labour